CRAZE

October 22, 2005
PORTRAIT OF A DAPPER AFRICAN-IDOL-WORSHIPPING COVEN-MASTER!

Jack Palance plays a bisexual coven master, Neal Mottran, devoted to an African idol, Chuku, a daffyish, bug-eyed icon perched protrusively in his basement (see my image as a better choice for the deity of the Dark Continent). No hushing it up-This is a cookie-cutter, flim-flam, B-movie-template, a knock off, but a bucket of gobliny grins, choice for the witching season. And thus, veteran screenwriter Herman Cohen sagaciously plays the race card, mining Western fears of Africa, black magic, and/or voodoo-hocus-pocus (see movie poster). Some critics have rewarded the film with a zero rating, such as James J. Mulay, in “The Horror Film” (a bit dated) and British Horror Films web page, who have berated it with horsepower, but I would grant it a two & a half star rating if it were restored and issued on DVD, and perhaps a three star if it were ever re-released in theaters. One might have to grasp for straws to fend pizzazz from this balderdash in its rife, decomposed grade-a video tape yet still. But be zany and creative and play the song “Halloween” by the legendary Shaggs as ambience for the “Craze” celluloid, glimmering from your tube.
In the opening instance, after an expeditious jettisoning from the cult, the once head coven witch returns to reclaim her position, (“You know very well, I`m the witch of the coven.”) but is liquidated lickety-split. Neil Mottran (Jack Palance) owns a little antique shop in London and is flat-broke but finds some gold coins in his desk after depositing the aforementioned witch, and reckons them as a gift from the fearsome fickle figure. Congenitally throughout the film, he dispatches a jillion ladies as sacrifices to his dictatorial statuette. Without wantonly exposing the storyboard, one victim is skewered on the ignoble icon`s jagged claws, one burned to death, one unfathomably frightened- then with a brief, yet colossal image conjuration-interlude, impaled on a spike, and ultimately a chippy is throttled with Neil`s dynamic dynamite paw!
The supporting cast is commendatory, especially Diana Dors as Dolly Newman, a once flagrant flame of Neil Mottran. He uses her as an alibi in order to off his auntie for her well-heeled heirloom; ie he sleeps with her but douses her with micky fins lacing her beloved cherry brandy. Diana aptly portrays a cheeky British moll, with dumpy deportment, mellifluous, fake platinum silvery hair, loud beads, and chintzy, modish dresses that are a pick-up for the flick. During an interview with the keener detective, Dolly chimes in: “Hey, I don`t want you to think that I`m the sort who flops into bed with any Tom, Dick, or Harry.” Detective Sergeant Wall (Michael Jayston) comments: “One would have to be pretty desperate to sail into that port”, qualifying Neil`s chimerical fling with Dolly.
Other notables include Martin Potter, who portrays Ronnie, Neal`s obedient initiate and antique sales assistant, who eventually musters a semblance of ethics, and even applies an axe to the omnipotent holiness of brass and wood! Towards the end he pipes in: "Jane, I`ll have a double," when knocking back several at a pub- as he can see the writing on the wall. To boot, veteran actor Trevor Howard brings in a very smooth portrayal as Superintendent Bellamy, remaining within the prudent guidelines of police investigation. At the climax of the quest he nonchalantly drops: "There`s no law against witchcraft, if people think that they can fly on broomsticks, nobody can stop them." He remains cool as a cucumber for the duration of the flick!
Michael Jayston admirably executes the role of Detective Sergeant Wall, really the one who is surely privy to Neal`s sojourns into witchcraft, and he sniffs the cultist`s character: "I can`t buy that sir, I`ve studied the man; he has the smell of a lone wolf." Suzy Kendall takes the part of Sally, an ify masseuse, with a cockneyed accent and a puffy, black wig teeming with curls, and she salaciously entertains the dapper villain with cardigan sweaters. Doning green-thumbed salesmanship, Sally demonstrates her massaging instruments as pleasure or pain offerings. "Note what we have here: ultra-red lamp, double voltage vibrator, nerve-pump penetrator, muscle soother-you name it we have it, you need it we use it. Well? Huh…" From this interview with screenwriter, Herman Cohen, we learn that many of the cast were afraid of Jack Palance, especially the director Freddie Francis, and the actresses too. This truly explains why he could play such an immaculate knave! In fact, Jack went over the top with Julie Ege, one of the many victims, injuring her breast while shooting the scene.
Nonetheless, Jack Palance is what makes this B-flick rock ferociously; he exudes wickedness and cunning, but coasts through the shooting with prerogative and forbearance. And especially with his striking physical presence- a large mustache, coal-black hairpiece, fulsome-crooked- sprawling-wide/split nose, and athletic physique, he bandies about the cheapy sets or props performing his dastardly deeds and duties with ghoulish panache. But he always remains fastidious and business-like, and guards a cool demeanor-his cover as an antique dealer wheelin`and dealin` rare statues or Indian brass work.
The key to Neil`s psychology, or the corn of his character, is his absolute devotion to the ghastly golden-calf. Neil: "Do not forget one thing, Ronnie. Who made that fortune possible? Chuku! Ah yes, we can run away from the police, but never from Chuku. As long as we serve him we`re safe. He will always protect us." Ronnie: "How, on whose terms?" Neil: You know the answer to that." Ronnie: " That means what it has always meant: sacrifice, reward, then another bloody sacrifice. When does it all end?" Neil: "Never!" The antecedent of Neil (Jack Palance) is a highly focused tethering to and supplication for the catastrophic carved-figure, and a fondness for filthy luchre!
As the action builds up and Neal knocks off more and more gudgeons for the cockeyed Chuku, and as the police progressively smell a rat, the music acts as a befitting backdrop, and scrupulously syncs with the scenes. There are a couple of hip, discotheque episodes with energizing pop music and frenetic sixties dancing, just to break up the many a moon rampages of Neal. Some barely discernible lyrics at the discotheque seem to sing: "Where is the place to be now? What are the names that I should know? Who is the ruling queen now? Everything`s a phase to warlock (?) show!" The copious use of congo drums give the many iniquitous spectacles an African angle, and the use of telli-theme rifts accentuate the nadirs and peaks of infrequent plot flourishes. Too, vibraphones are sprinkled throughout the flick with crafty avail. The music was provided by veteran film music composer, John Scott, as clearly seen by his filmography, did many B horror flicks and beaucoup otro tuneish enterprises.
There is a great need for a restoration of "Craze", a conversion to a digital format, then a new release on DVD-for now it is an old haggard print; in its VHS state, as a Saturn Productions, Inc. Oddly, though Director Freddie Francis is a veteran cinematographer, the camera work is mostly shoddy and the lighting off. No doubt, the producers were in a huff to bring it to market as fuel for the lustful consumption of British horror (think of the Hammer films). It is very well suited for the Drive-In, but calamitously that is a moribund format in the market of today.
This B flick reeks of the theme of the evil of Third World culture, and more particularly Africa-a little spurt of Post Modern Neo-Colonialism, or Black Magic Voodoo spoofing! This theme has precedent, just view the Haitian hocus-pocus of Bela Lugosi in the 1932 classic "White Zombie"-with such stupefying, stonish zombie eyes and prevailing puffs of smoky magic powder! As Welch Everman points out in his book: "Cult Horror Films", Neal Mottran never provides the raison d` etre for such piquant devotion to the dusty, antique idol, thus underscoring the notion of "craze", a very sophistic canonization of an African effigy. Eureka!-I purchased a Roget Thesaurus, thus mushrooming my palaver ten-fold; not that this low-caliber film deserves my perfumy confabulation!

WHY VIETNAM?

WHY VIETNAM?
October 02, 2005
A VITAL RECORD OF THE EMERGING U.S. POLICY FOR VIETNAM A 30 MINUTE DOCUMENTARY DIRECTED AND PRODUCED BY THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE A CLASSIC STUDY IN POLITICAL PERSUASION-THE ARGUMENT FOR ESCALATING A GROUND WAR IN VIETNAM-LATE SUMMER-1965

This documentary was produced by the Department of Defense, circa fall of 1965, in order to rally American support for the newly growing build-up of U.S. ground combat troops in Vietnam. It is thirty minutes long and in black and white, but frame by frame pulls a punch (though less noxious) not witnessed since "The Triumph of the Will", directed and produced by Leni Rietenstahl. It begins with LBJ speaking and having to answer a mother`s difficult question of why her son has to serve in Vietnam, since it is so far away from the free United States. The entire documentary is a rationale for a perceived need, by the government, for military support to aid the South Vietnamese government and people from the aggressive incursions by the communist North. The government offering is a combination of speeches and footage of Vietnam, with a volatile invective from the commentator defending the need of the U.S. to cut off the poison of communism. It projects a persuasive voice filled with immediacy and despair-and even smacks of the inevitable demise of western freedom.

THE ROCOCO COLD WAR PHASE

I am granting this documentary a five star rating because it efficiently makes the case for why the communists are so nefarious. In short, the film portrays them with ambitions as vast as world domination. The stately icons of Chairman Mao and Ho Chi Minh are mesmerizing, and if one can project oneself back to 1965, they might sense the immediacy for the call to arms against the red menace. I have thought of a crystalized phrase to capture this period, but I believe it to be an apt one-The Rococo Cold War Phase! This was really the overripe time period for the Cold War, its decaying stage, the apples on the ground-in metaphor. Red paranoia was at its apogee of expression; we had been through the Bay of Pigs, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the unexplained shooting of JFK, and it appeared as if we must religiously hold the line in Vietnam, at all costs, or the systematic undoing of freedom and democracy in the world was a timely given! I believe that the viewing of this succinct film is an absolute must for all Americans, especially since it was produced before the long and tragic war; yet the seeds of tragedy are present, and Rusk, McNamara, and LBJ are all reluctant participants in the inevitable decision to accelerate involvement in a hazily-defined guerrilla conflict in Vietnam. We did not understand the history or the nature of the struggle there, the political tactics of the Vietcong, for example, or the zealous motive of nationalism against colonialism, that gave Ho Chi Minh the advantage there, after decades of oppression.

"AGGRESSION UNCHALLENGED IS AGGRESSION UNLEASHED" LBJ

The argument begins with the hard lessons of WWII; that Neville Chamberlain appeased Hitler in 1938 in Munich. Moreover, Mussolini was unopposed in the Italian invasion of Ethiopia, despite Hailie Selassie`s pleas to the United Nations. Then there was the Nazi Anschluss in Austria, and "nothing was done". But with the communist aggression across the 38th parallel in Korea "free men begin learning the lesson", as LBJ says: "aggression unchallenged is aggression unleashed". Then again LBJ asks the question: "Why should free men suffer in a remote land?" As we look back on this parallel drawn, between WWII and Vietnam, we see clearly that it was the U.S. who invaded Vietnam, whereas Ho was just defending and attempting to unify his country, and trying to purge his nation of foreign invaders. So thus this analogy falls on its face.

"PAY ANY PRICE, BEAR ANY BURDEN…" JFK

LBJ then gives us the approach that will be implemented. "Retreat does not bring safety and weakness does not bring peace. It`s this lesson that has brought us to Vietnam." Then the documentary goes into the post-Dienbienphu period, after the French had been defeated in 1954, and the Geneva Conference that followed, dividing Vietnam into the North and South at the 17th parallel. This division was only intended as a temporary one until elections could be held. Yet the administrations of the U.S., from Truman to Eisenhower, then Kennedy to LBJ, hung their hat on this division of Vietnam, as arbitrated by the Geneva Conference, as if the North was wholly communist and the South was free and democratic. This then is a fundamental flaw in the perceptions of the U.S., shaping our policy and coloring our decision-making for two full error-prone decades.

Now there is footage of fleeing refugees going to South Vietnam, where "a free people support sovereignty". This deceptively makes it appear as if there is an exodus from the North to the South, when it was really just a handful of Catholics. The Diem regime was anti-communist but was hardly a democracy. Now we see footage of Ho-Chi-Minh smiling and playing with children, and the narrator says: "but behind the smile is a mind that is planning a reign of terror in South Vietnam, where children and adults alike will be the victims." Afterwards the narrator says that free elections were held, but actually Diem had arranged the elections, for if Ho had been on the ballot it would have been a landslide in his favor. Next it says that Diem is initiating land reforms so that farmers own their own land. This never happened! But as the narrator says, the North was making inroads into the villages of the South, creating political action centers, and successfully forging Ho Chi Minh`s "War of Liberation." The documentary uses an insidious, raking, quasi-oriental type of music as a backdrop, as it shows assassinated villagers and posters of Ho with the yellow communist star. Then it points out that the communists are using a new plan, guerrilla warfare, and discarding traditional infantry warfare, such as they used in Korea. It is too bad that the U.S. never addressed this major change in tactics!

"A GRAIN OF RICE IS WORTH A DROP OF BLOOD"

The U.S. perceived that the communists were after the wealthy resources of South Vietnam-such as coal, phosphate, zinc, tin, and manganese. These resources would aid industrialization and "feed a war machine". The most important products were surely rubber and rice; the need for these products, should the communists not be stopped, would fuel their aggression to other Indonesian nations, such as the rice rich nations of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Burma, and East Pakistan. The phrase: "a grain of rice is worth a drop of blood" summarizes the dramatic measures employed by the communists in order to secure South Vietnam. The film then projects a map of these countries, and then defines the domino theory-that the countries will fall one by one, like dominoes, if we do not hold the line at the 17th Parallel of Vietnam. This simple, yet befuddling political philosophy is essentially why the U.S. entered and escalated the "Vietnam Conflict", because the administration never called it a war. In 1959 President Eisenhower said: "Unassisted Vietnam can not, at this time, produce and support the military coordinates essential to it-military as well as economic help is essential." Ie the U.S. would have to go in themselves and take care of the job.

"THIS IS A DIFFERENT KIND OF WAR" LBJ

As the conflict entered the 1960s the communists increased their incursions into the South. As LBJ said: "This is a different kind of war-the goal is to conquer the South and extend the Asiatic dominion of communism." Here the documentary emphasizes the perceived role of Red China in spurring the Vietnamese communists. We now know that this was greatly exaggerated, but at this time, the fear of Red China, after the Korean stalemate, was perhaps the greatest ingredient for the domino theory. The film says that the Vietnam people cried out for our help, but now we know it was really just the insecure Diem regime, that wanted to protect their archaic colonial regime in Saigon. Kennedy increased the presence of Americans in the way of technical and military advisers. The commentator of the film tints the scenario: "We find men whose freedom is at stake-eager and quick to learn, with instructors and advisors who are willing to teach." Then it is revealed that the communists had altered their tactics, from a conventional conflict, such as in Korea, to guerrilla warfare, in order to dominate small, unstable nations. It is puzzling that the U.S. never comprehended or mastered this lesson about the guerilla warfare; this underscores the reason we lost the war-our inability to adapt to a third world, jungle-type struggle.

Thus, the only way that communist aggression can be curtailed, is by increasing the presence of Americans, with equipment and advisers. The commentator says that the "Peoples Liberation" is not playing fair, kidnapping inductees, and harassing citizenry, while the U.S. is protecting the villagers. Deceptively, the documentary then portrays the South as quick to respond to the Vietcong threat, but we now know this to be a falsehood. In fact, Diem commanded his generals to avoid fights in order to have the troops available to counter an ever recurring perception of an imminent military coup. Ironically, this would come to pass on November 1, 1963, in spite of that preventative maintenance. Again, oddly it was Henry Cabot Lodge, U.S. Ambassador to Vietnam, along with the CIA who okayed the coup, who assumed the role of Deus Ex Machina. Once more, the ill-defined nature of the war is shown, with no front lines, and the Vietcong coming and going as they please. Little did the makers of this film know that those methods would continue throughout the whole war. The taking of land was an absurd practice, since the minute U.S. combat troops vacated that land, the communists would infiltrate it again. Yet, this is the reality of what was happening in Vietnam, a far cry from the scenario portrayed in this government production!

"WE SEEK NO WIDER WAR"- ROBERT MCNAMARA

In the Kennedy years the intensity of American presence mounts; especially the new technique of helicopter mobility, and the moving about of infantry. The ominous footage of captured Chinese munitions seems to add a greater threat of Red China, but what the film does not tell you, is that most of the captured weapons were American made, and were easily captured at old unprotected French outposts. The Gulf of Tonkin Incident in August of 1964 is covered at this point in the presentation; it was shortly thereafter that the intense bombing of the North began. Thus, despite McNamara`s intentions, the war was widened then, and would greatly expand throughout 1965.

"OUR WAR AIM IN SOUTH VIETNAM IS PEACE."-DEAN RUSK

This segment of the documentary exhibits a speech by then Secretary of State, Dean Rusk. It is a polemic defending the administration`s position, that they have made every effort to solve the Vietnam issue peaceably and through diplomacy. The bottom line is that Hanoi has refused to come to the negotiation table with the U.S. Here is the final lines of the speech that reveal the domino theory yet again: "And so the record seems clear to us, Hanoi is presently resisting the road to peace. Peiping even more so, to declare that doctrine and purpose of the Chinese communists remain clear: the domination of all of Southeast Asia. And indeed if we listen to what they are saying to us, the domination of the great world beyond." Actually, the Red Chinese and the North Vietnamese were not really unified in their purpose. Traditionally, China and Vietnam were enemies, but U.S. Intelligence never processed this germane illumination. Our intelligence gathering was flawed, as was our interpretation of evidence, but this is not all too different from some of the techniques employed today!

"WE DO NOT WANT AN EXPANDING STRUGGLE…" LBJ

In this speech LBJ emphasizes that we are defending South Vietnam`s freedom of choice, "the right to shape their own destiny in free elections in the South…" But this was a sham, free elections never existed in Saigon or the South. If this was the reason why Americans died in Vietnam, then it is an empty one! After the coup in November of 1963, that got Ngo Dinh Diem shot, the government of Saigon changed many times. The local surrounding villagers often sided with the Vietcong as a better alternative to the corrupt South. On December 24th, 1964 the Vietcong got high explosives into the barracks of the American Embassy in Saigon. The narration then takes a threatening tone, and with that the footage passes by of bombings, dead civilians killed by the Vietcong, and American flag-draped coffins moving on trucks. There is a backdrop of LBJ`s words: "Half a world away is our front door. If freedom is to survive in any American hometown, then the Communists must be stopped in South Vietnam." Therefore, it is up to the U.S. alone to curtail the spread of communism in Southeast Asia.

"MOST OF THE NON-COMMUNIST NATIONS OF ASIA, CANNOT BY THEMSELVES AND ALONE, RESIST THE GROWING MIGHT AND THE GRASPING AMBITION OF ASIAN COMMUNISM." LBJ

Please read over carefully the bottom of page 3 and page 4 of the transcriptions of "Why Vietnam?"; it is a good idea to soberly measure LBJ`s words, for an epiphany will transpire, and you can see the build-up of American commitment right before your very eyes! "I have asked General Westmoreland what more he needs to meet this mounting aggression. He has told me, and we will meet his needs." LBJ - The black and white footage now registers the American troops landing in Vietnam, exiting the landing craft, and the American flag is shown blowing in the wind. The narrator then says this is the first active combat zone since Korea, and that the present and future needs for the fight for freedom will be met. The so called "War of Liberation" must be defeated; but little did we know that the will of the communists was ironclad. The final comment is that if men can hope to realize freedom tomarrow, then those people will face hard realities today. How prophetic, as the days of confrontation would persist for another decade (1965-1975)!

"I DO NOT FIND IT EASY TO SEND THE FLOWER OF OUR YOUTH, OUR FINEST YOUNG MEN, INTO BATTLE." LBJ

The final part of the documentary has LBJ`s sentimental words about sending our young to war, and many photographs of the new inductees are displayed in a slideshow format. These heroes will stop the reds off at the pass, or more precisely, the Ho Chi Minh Trail that is. Again, the theme is hammered home; LBJ`s fresh take on The Truman Doctrine with his domestic programs of The Great Society as his model. " We did not choose to be the guardians at the gate, but there is no one else. Nor would surrender in Vietnam bring peace. We learned from Hitler at Munich that success only feeds the appetite of aggression." (LBJ) He then goes on to say that three presidents over eleven years have committed to defending the small, valiant nation of Vietnam. Johnson then reiterates how hard the South has fought to defend themselves from the communists. We now know that that is false; ARVN really went out of their way to avoid conflict, to minimize casualties, and to survive in a civil war with no end in sight!

HO CHI MINH IS A SON-OF-A-BITCH… "FULL METAL JACKET

The last celluloid footage captures Chairman Mao and Ho Chi Minh with the communist star, then a U.S. aircraft carrier with B-52s taking off for North Vietnam. Next in the sequence massive carpet bombing flashes in graphic, syncopated explosions, many tanks, and U.S. combat troops unloading from landing craft. GIs are fighting in live action riveted with angst in the jungle, then much echo is put on LBJ`s voice with the words: "This, my fellow Americans, is why we are in Vietnam". The film ends with the logo of the Department of Defense; apparently, the producers and directors of this influential documentary.

This was shown in the public schools throughout the country; you know the routine, the principal calls all the classes on the intercom to the auditorium, gives a short introduction, and then starts the 16 mm film so that we will know why all our boys are making a beeline for those remote American staging bases in Southeast Asia. Additionally, the film was offered as educational fodder to new inductees in the early days of their basic training; this bit of propaganda could perhaps make them feel better, and provide them with a rationale for their Vietnam tour; for in short order they would be tossed into this ineffable part of the world-with steamy jungles, rice paddies, and elephant grass.

It is unnerving to watch this piece of celluloid over and over again, as I have done so over the last few months. I may be able to share it with you some time, because I doubt you will be able to locate this rare gem at any video store. Mysteriously, I will convert my unkempt flat, for the flagrantly curious, to a proper viewing room for your exacting inspection. Its conception really came at a time when the wounds were just beginning to open; the leaders could not see the albatross on the horizon. The first major confrontation with the enemy came in November of 1965 in the Ia Drang Valley, where more than 300 Americans lost there lives. This level of casualties was not something counted on by the administration, and as we went into 1966 many people could already see the grueling ordeal that we faced. Indeed, the final moments of the film are somber when LBJ sincerely says that he does not like to send "the flower of our youth" into battle. Images of Americans are flashed-black, white, students, and steel workers all heeded the call to duty, to fight the evil communists and keep Asia free. But Ho Chi Minh was trying to unify and free his country from the "yoke of western colonialism"-that was something that we little understood. Oh yes, he was relentless, ruthless, an S-O-B for the liberation of Indochina from the chains of western oppression!

"WE BLEW IT, MAN." CAPTAIN AMERICA-EASY RIDER

I do remember having butterflies in my stomach as my family moved from Houston to "Friendly Dallas", in August of 1965. Little did I know that I was moving into a hostile environment, a hotbed of conservatism, where tolerance for those opposed to the war was blocked by a "cement edifice of hate", not all that dissimilar to the Wall of China-Dixieland style! Yes, our country was venturing off to a remote Indonesian country, one that we knew nothing about, and into a trap, a quagmire of indecisive grief that left permanent scars on our collective memory, even unto today. The primary culprit was our inflated fear of communism, a sort of cancerous side-effect of the Cold War. Vietnam and China were traditional enemies, but the U.S. policy makers never bothered to study the historical relations of these countries. Also, communism came in many shapes and textures; The Soviet Union and Red China had very different configurations and agendas. There never was a communist monolithic policy, such as espoused by Vladimir Lenin. Just recently, in Errol Morris`s The Fog of War, Robert McNamara has acknowledged the fissures in our thinking. In truth, Ho Chi Minh `s movement to unify Vietnam was actually a nationalist effort against western colonialism and less a communist strategy. More accurately, Ho`s nationalism mirrors the Thirteen Colonies of America defying England, and the U.S. recalls the redcoats as they persevere in an effort to snuff the rebellious NVA and Vietcong. I would argue with my neighbors about Vietnam, especially the high level of noncombatant casualties, but the domino theory was always tossed in my face. It was as if the 17th parallel in Vietnam was a substitute for the Alamo, and we had to hold the line at all costs. Profoundly, the words of Captain America in "Easy Rider" replay in spasms through the make-believe movie screen of my mind: "We blew it, Man!"

"WILL I LIVE TOMARROW…WELL I JUST CAN`T SAY." JIMI

As I watch this black and white footage I am transported back to those times; the American flag-draped coffins are especially triggers for memories, and the compassionate drone of LBJ`s voice puts me back into that day. It was rock and roll, let`s go over and kick those commies asses! … Almost like a football game. But after a few years of many young men dying, untold deaths of peasants, - the rat-a-tat-tat of AK-47s or the whirling maelstrom of the Huey helicopters on the evening news- the enthusiasm, the will to search and destroy deteriorated. Perhaps Vietnam was not a microcosm for the struggle of contrary ideas-democratic freedom verses the evil of communism-it was all in our minds, a delusion, a paranoid nightmare-but nonetheless real-an over-ripening of the Cold War-the domino theory was the rotten remnants of McCarthyism! Yes, the butterflies, the fear factor does return when I view this little film. I have not bothered to think about the war since the Fall of Saigon in 1975; but the remnants have remained latent, festering, and I struggle to purge myself of these demons. And now with more distance, objectivity, I am able to begin to amass an archive of ephemera on the conflict by way of books, photos, DVDs, and web pages; I may even visit the National Archives in Washington, D.C., and view some of the evening news footage of that is stored there. But for now I intend to forget about it, as the demons reappear, even as I did in the spring of 1975!

THE BUTTERFLIES RETURN

As I watched this film, and as I studied many other documents, the butterflies returned in my stomach, and I felt great guilt once again that I did not serve, and so many young men were never allowed to come home. This is dramatically portrayed in the book "We Were Soldiers Once…And Young" by Lt. Gen. Harold G. Moore and Joseph L. Galloway. It is a testament of the Ia Drang battles that first brought attention to just how serious the fighting was to be in Vietnam. I just kept staring at the snapshots of the soldiers with their families shortly before they were deployed to Vietnam. Two in particular, Tom Metsker and Jack Geoghegan, are heroically portrayed in the book, and this account brings needed details to the actual intense jungle fighting that characterized those unusual guerrilla-type, belligerent encounters. I was able to get a deferment from serving in 1971, because of an allergic reaction to bee stings.

A GUILTY CONSCIENCE STILL

By this time the war was already lost (1971); the will of Americans to exterminate the communists was sapped! I just wanted to forget about it, as most did, and escaped in chronic cannabis usage. This anodyne did help me to forget; after the fall of Saigon I have never read anything or watched any specials on Vietnam…just wanted to forget about it forever! So as I bombard myself now with the material of this highly recorded conflict, and thirty years have transpired, I feel as if it was just yesterday, and all of these more than 58,000 Americans are still alive, and you can just go over to their houses and drink a beer and watch a Yankee game. The guilt is that severe-but history repeats itself, especially as we see our nation continuing in the same vein of foreign policy.